Calculation of the fusion-fission cross section in cold and hot fusion reactions in order to produce heavy and superheavy nuclei

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Afsari University of Imam Ali
Abstract
In this research, we are going to choose different cold and hot fusion reactions that lead to the production of super heavy nucleus. The reactions have been chosen in such a way that in the case of forming a compound nucleus, we have a nucleus with 116 protons and 168 neutrons. The selected reactions are: (_ ^78)Se+(_ ^206)Pb, (_ ^76)Se+(_ ^208)Pb، (_ ^77)Se+(_ ^207)Pb and (_ ^75)As+(_ ^209)Bi for cold fusion reactions and reactions of (_ ^42)Ca+(_ ^242)Cm، (_ ^46)Ti+(_ ^238)Pu، (_ ^50)Cr+(_ ^234)U and (_ ^54)Fe+(_ ^230)Th for hot fusion reactions.
Heavy and super-heavy elements are formed in three stages, which are: capture, complete fusion and finally decay of the excited compound nucleus. We calculate the capture cross section and then the fusion cross section and the evaporation residual cross section and the total survival probability for these reactions. Finally, by using fusion cross-section and survival cross-section, fusion-fission cross-section can be obtained and the results can be compared with each other.
The results show that among the selected reactions, hot fusion reactions for producing heavy nucleus (a compound nucleus containing 116 protons and 168 neutrons) have better conditions than cold fusion reactions.
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